The Mediterranean diet is not just a diet, it’s a healthy lifestyle adopted by people living in the Mediterranean region, specifically Greece, Spain, and Italy.

History and Origin
The diet was studied and brought to public awareness by Dr. Ancel Keys, an American scientist who arrived in Greece in 1945. He was amazed to find that the inhabitants of Greece and Spain enjoyed a higher life expectancy and suffered fewer health problems compared to other regions.
Key Foods
The core foods of this diet are:
Fruits
These include grapes, raisins, olives, avocados, strawberries, raspberries, currants, blueberries, oranges, apples, pears, figs, pomegranates, dates, passion fruits, cherries, apricots, grapefruits, peaches, plums, and more.
Vegetables
The vegetables consumed are diverse, including spinach, lettuce, cauliflower, broccoli, bell pepper, carrot, beetroot, tomato, onion, celery, eggplant, cucumber, lemon, zucchini, cabbage, mushrooms, grapevine leaves, artichokes, potatoes, sweet corn, among others.
Grains
The grains are primarily pasta, couscous, rice, polenta, bulgur, etc.
Legumes
These include carob, peas, beans, lima beans, chickpeas, and lentils.
Herbs and Spices
The herbs and spices used are anise, basil, bay leaves, borage, peppercorns, garlic, chilies, chamomile, chervil, chives, dill, fennel, lavender, marjoram, mint, nutmeg, oregano, parsley, sesame seeds, rosemary, sage, savory, sorrel, tarragon, thyme, vanilla, cinnamon, clove, coriander, cumin, and caraway.
Cheeses
The cheeses used are mainly from sheep and goat’s milk – bocconcini, edam, feta, halloumi, kasseri, kefalograviera, kefalotyri, roquefort, mozzarella, mitzithra, manouri, manchego, pecorino toscano, mascarpone, parmesan, and pecorino, anthotyro, xynotyri, ladotyri, anevato, and batzos.
Nuts
Nuts include almonds, fennel, poppy, sesame, pistachio nuts, peanuts, hazelnuts, walnuts, pine nuts, and chestnuts.
Fish and Seafood
Fish and fillets such as herring, salmon, trout, tuna, anchovies, sardines, mackerels, cod, and carp are consumed regularly. Seafoods like octopus, clams, mussels, and squids are also part of the diet.
The Benefits of the Diet
A wide variety of these foods consumed daily has been found to be excellent for heart health and overall wellbeing.
Importance of Physical Activity
Another integral component of the Mediterranean diet is physical activity. Lots of exercise and staying active is highly encouraged.
Moderation of Wine
Wine consumption, although part of the diet, should be moderated. One glass for women and two for men daily with meals is recommended.
Low Carb Dieting
In relation to low carb diets, it’s important to mention that while the Mediterranean diet does include carbohydrates, they mostly come from whole, unrefined sources.
Conclusion
The Mediterranean diet is more than just a diet. It’s a way of life that combines a variety of wholesome foods, physical activity, and moderate wine consumption. This balanced approach to eating not only helps to maintain a healthy weight but also improves overall health and longevity.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
- What is the origin of the Mediterranean diet?The concept of the Mediterranean diet originated from the traditional dietary practices of Greece, Spain, and Italy.
- Why is the Mediterranean diet so healthy?It’s rich in fresh, whole, nutrient-rich foods that are good for heart health and overall wellbeing.
- Can I drink wine on the Mediterranean diet?Yes, but in moderation. Generally, one glass a day for women and two for men is permitted.
- How much exercise should I do on the Mediterranean diet?The Mediterranean diet promotes an active lifestyle, but the exact amount of exercise can vary. It’s always best to consult with a healthcare provider for personalized advice.
- Is the Mediterranean diet low in carbohydrates?While it does include carbohydrates, they are mostly from whole, unrefined sources.